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For the first time, the Egyptian army revealed pictures during the inspection of the Air Defense Forces Commander, Lieutenant General Mohamed Hegazy, of the Russian-made S-300 VM Antey-2500 long-range air defense system, with a radar detection range of 500 km and an engagement range of 350 km.
Egypt’s sky shield, the S-300VM Antey-2500 long-range air defense system, capable of shooting down hostile targets at a range of 250+ km and at an altitude of up to 30 km.
The S-300VM is a Russian-made tracked, self-propelled air defense system designed to provide protection and cover for armored units and mechanized infantry at the level of divisions and the field army. It is characterized by high mobility in areas with a desert environment, and also provides protection for important vital targets in the depths of the country. Like airports and command and control centers, this system is a development of the S-300V version that entered service with the Soviet Union in 1983 and its origins in turn go back to the famous S-300 system.
The S-300V system was designed mainly as an Anti Ballistic Missile (ABM) and was named by NATO as the SA-12 Gladiator/Giant. The range of the Gladiator version was 75 km, while the Giant version had a range of 100 km horizontally. 32 kilometers in height.
At the end of the nineties, the new advanced version (S-300VM (Antey-2500) or SA-23 Gladiator\Giant) appeared, which was equipped with advanced combat qualities that made it able to counter the following targets:
1- Medium Range Ballistic Missiles launched from a range of 2,500 kilometers, and therefore it was called “Antey-2500” because it is able to shoot down missiles launched from the mentioned range, while the word Antey refers to the company that designed and developed this system, Almaz. Antey.
2- Short Range Ballistic Missiles, which are launched from a range of 300 to 1000 km.
3- Tactical ballistic missiles, which are launched from launchers and rocket launchers, from a range of 300 km.
3- Cruise or cruise missiles of all kinds.
4- Combat aircraft and air targets that are characterized by high maneuverability.
5- Strategic aircraft such as bombers, AWACS early warning aircraft, reconnaissance aircraft, obstruction aircraft, and electronic jamming aircraft.
The most important characteristics of the new system:
The S-300VM is capable of operating with high immunity against all types of intense electronic interference.
Stealth aircraft monitor the very low radar cross section, which may reach 0.02 square metres.
This system has an advantage over the S-300 PMU2 version because it is tracked, as it has good mobility designed to accompany the ground forces, unlike the wheeled version, which is mainly designed to protect central targets in the depths of the country. It is also characterized by better capabilities in countering ballistic and cruise missiles. Or the cruise to provide effective protection for the ground forces against all missile threats launched from air, land or sea platforms, as well as its ability to deal with ghost targets.
On the other hand, the S-300 PMU2 system is characterized by a lower operational cost, both in terms of the price of a single battery and also the cost of operating and maintaining it, because wheeled vehicles are less complicated compared to the tracked version, and the cost of missiles is less expensive than its counterpart operating on the tracked version Antey-2500.
At the present time, Russia does not produce any version of the S-300 except for the S-300 VM system for the benefit of the Russian army (the Russian version was called the S-300V4), with which its units are armed alongside the S-400 system, and Egypt is the second country to contract with it after Venezuela.
According to what was said in the Russian media, Egypt has contracted 3 batteries of this system in addition to the command and control vehicle, and special negotiations have been announced to increase the numbers without additional details. The delivery and training phases began at the end of 2014, and the delivery will end at the end of 2016.
The battery consists of:
The 9S457ME vehicle is for command, control and control.
1 to 6 vehicles of the type 9A83ME on request, the missile launcher that carries 4 missiles of the type 9M83ME, in addition to the missile guidance radar, which was placed vertically in the front part of it, which enables it to cover a horizontal angle of 90º and a vertical angle of 110º, And it was designed with this mode to better monitor low altitudes.
1 to 6 vehicles of type 9A84ME on request, loader or missile launcher carrying two missiles of the model 9M82MDE / 9M82ME in addition to the missile lift or radar to guide the missiles, installed horizontally in the front of it, which enables it to cover a horizontal angle of 360º and a vertical angle of 180º It was designed in this way in order to monitor air targets in different directions.
PESA 9S32ME multi-channel missile guidance radar with a range of 400 km and a height of 250 km.
9S15ME three-dimensional radar for early warning and aerial survey in various directions, All-Round Surveillance, with a range of 400 km and an altitude of 240 km.
Sector Surveillance radar of the type 9S19ME with a passive electronic scanning matrix PESA. It specializes in tracking, monitoring and capturing cruise and ballistic missiles and targets with low radar segments, due to the concentration of radar radiation on a specific sector in order to increase the maximum detection range, and its range reaches 500 km. to 60 km in height.
The system can also be linked to other long-range early warning and air survey radars that specialize in monitoring stealth aircraft.
Missile capabilities:
9M82ME, also known as Giant: is a missile designed to repel medium-range ballistic missiles (launched from a distance of 2,500 km), reconnaissance aircraft, electronic survey and target designation ISTAR & ISR, AWACS early warning aircraft, jamming & electronic attack aircraft.
It is directed by inertial navigation and updates the target coordinates information via the Radio Command Guidance device, and in the final stage it switches to activating its semi-active radar seeker based on the system’s fire engagement radar. The missile is equipped with a heavy warhead weighing 150 kg with a high-explosive fragmentation Proximity fuse that detonates the warhead in the direction of the target when it is close to the missile at a distance of approximately 3.5 meters, causing a large destructive wave that eliminates it or knocks it away from its target.
The range of engagement against aircraft ranges from 200 to 250 km, and the height ranges from 25 meters to 30 km.
The range of engagement against ballistic missiles is 30 km, and the height is from 1 to 25 km.
It is capable of engaging a ballistic missile with a maximum speed of 4.5 km per second, or the equivalent of 16.2 thousand km per hour.
This missile succeeded in a test in repelling an AWACS plane at a distance of 300 km and an altitude of 14 km.
The 9M82MDE missile is an extended-range version of the 9M92ME missile and has the same combat and technical specifications mentioned above, except for a range of 350 km instead of 250 km.
The 9M83ME missile or “Gladiator”: It is mainly intended to deal with combat aircraft, cruise missiles, and short-range ballistic missiles that are fired from a maximum distance of 1,150 km. It is directed by inertial navigation, and the target coordinates information is updated by the Radio Command Guidance system. Then, in the final stage, it activates its semi-active radar seeker, relying on the system’s fire engagement radar, and contains a heavy warhead weighing about 150 kilograms. A massive force that leads to its destruction or toppling it off its track.
The range of engagement against aircraft ranges from 120 to 130 km, and the height ranges from 25 meters to 30 km.
The range of engagement against ballistic missiles reaches 40 km, and the height ranges from 1 to 25 km.
It can engage a ballistic missile with a maximum speed of 3 km per second (10.8 thousand km per hour).
Tracking and engagement ability:
Target tracks that can be tracked together: 65 tracks.
Targets that can be identified at the same time to engage with: 24 targets.
Targets that one battery can engage with: 6 targets that are engaged with 12 missiles.
Two missiles can be directed against the same target from the same launch vehicle or 4 missiles from two launch vehicles.
Reaction speed: 7.5 seconds until launch.
Launch time: 1.5 seconds between each missile for one vehicle, or 0 seconds in the case of simultaneous firing from several vehicles.
The speed of installing and packing the battery: 5 minutes and not exceeding 6 minutes from the moment of stopping until the battery is fully installed, and the same thing also applies after completing the engagement, packing it and withdrawing from the site in what is known as the ability to hide, shoot and launch quickly Hide, Shoot & Scoot.
System vehicle speed: 50 km per hour.
The range of the system’s operations: 250 km without refueling.
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